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The Internet started in the late 1960s as a project of the U.S. Department of Defense: the military wanted a communication network that would function even if parts of it were broken, things that usually happen during wartime!
To complicate things further, the military had many computers from different manufacturers which were incompatible (sounds familiar?). This network had to work between machines of different type.
In October 1969, two computers talked to each across a telephone line: this network was named ARPAnet.